First, let us look at a case:
Where is the information generated in the course of receiving medical consultation, laboratory tests, medical examinations and diagnosis at hospitals stored? How long shall such information be retained? Will such information be used by others without our knowledge? Is there any risk of information leakage? In several cases involving personal information leakage of medical institutions, we have noted that these issues indeed cannot be ignored. This article cites typical domestic and foreign cases, analyzes the weak links in the information security of medical institutions, and proposes corresponding countermeasures.
On July 21, 2023, the National Health Commission, together with the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Public Security, the National Audit Office, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council, the State Administration for Market Regulation, the National Healthcare Security Administration, the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the National Administration of Disease Control and Prevention, and the National Medical Products Administration, jointly held a video conference to deploy the one-year nationwide centralized rectification of corruption in the pharmaceutical sector. On July 25, new clauses were added to the provisions on the crime of offering bribes in the draft Amendment to the Criminal Law (XII) which was deliberated for the first time, specifying that heavier punishment shall be imposed on those who offer bribes in sectors including education and medical care. On July 28, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Communist Party of China and the National Supervisory Commission also convened a mobilization meeting to arrange for discipline inspection and supervision organs to cooperate in carrying out the nationwide centralized rectification of corruption in the pharmaceutical sector. The meeting pointed out that efforts in discipline enforcement and law enforcement shall be intensified, with focus on leading cadres and personnel in key positions. It is required to adhere to the principle of investigating both bribe takers and bribe givers, pool resources to investigate and handle a number of corruption cases in the pharmaceutical sector, so as to form a powerful deterrent effect. On August 2, multiple provinces including Guangdong, Zhejiang, Hainan and Hubei successively issued notices, requiring centralized rectification of corruption-related chaos in the pharmaceutical sector across their respective provinces. The anti-corruption campaign in the pharmaceutical sector has entered a new stage.
Over the past 30 years, with the large-scale urbanization process in China, the real estate and construction industries have developed at a high speed. Their proportion in the national economy has been rising continuously, and their status as pillar industries and supporting roles have become increasingly prominent. According to the latest data released by the National Bureau of Statistics of China, from January to June 2023, the total output value of the construction industry nationwide reached as high as RMB 13.23 trillion, and the floor area of buildings under construction nationwide hit 11.78 billion square meters.
U.S. export control is mainly implemented in accordance with the *Export Control Regulations* ("EAR") formulated by the Bureau of Industry and Security, United States Department of Commerce ("BIS"). Its core lies in imposing export controls of varying degrees and in different forms on various products or services subject to the EAR when they are exported to different countries or regions. The definition of "subject to the EAR" under the EAR is extremely broad. It covers not only products or services located within the territory of the U.S., or owned or produced by U.S. individuals or entities, but also: all items currently located within the territory of the U.S. regardless of their origin or destination; items of U.S. origin regardless of their current location; products that contain or use U.S.-origin components or technologies exceeding a specified threshold (the threshold is 10% for most items or services, and 25% for some categories of items or activities); products embedded with U.S. software; and products directly produced by using U.S. technologies, software or equipment (see Article 734 of the EAR).
